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诱导结晶法去除地下水中氟离子

Keywords: 地下水除氟,诱导结晶,氟磷酸钙,晶种

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Abstract:

针对现行高氟地下水处理工艺中存在的工艺复杂、运行管理困难等问题,提出采用诱导结晶法除氟。其技术核心是在高氟水中投加氟磷灰石作为晶种,并投加磷酸盐和钙盐使水中氟离子在晶种表面生成氟磷酸钙(Ca10(PO4)6F2)结晶。通过单因素实验得出最佳工艺条件:投加8g/L氟磷灰石,并投加NaH2PO4和CaCl2,使钙离子、磷酸根离子和氟离子的摩尔比为10:5:1,搅拌速度为100r/min,反应时间1h。反应中磷酸根离子和钙离子的利用率分别达到98%和25%以上。电子扫描显微镜(SEM)表征晶种在参与反应后,表面有结晶生成。研究表明,采用诱导结晶法可将水中氟离子浓度从5~10mg/L降至1mg/L以下,达到饮用水水质标准。

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