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西安市大气中多环芳烃的季节变化及健康风险评价

Keywords: 多环芳烃,季节变化,来源解析,风险评价

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Abstract:

对西安市2009年6月—2010年5月空气中的总悬浮颗粒(TSP)和气态样品进行了连续采样,利用GC-MS对16种PAHs进行分析。∑PAHs浓度(气相+颗粒相)范围为39.93~1032.46ng/m3,平均值为197.34ng/m3;其中,冬季大气中∑PAHs浓度最大,相对浓度的范围为31.21%~72.98%,而夏季的浓度最小;检测出16种2~6环的PAHs,其中以3~4环为主。利用特征分子比值法和因子分析进行源解析,发现研究区PAHs的主要来源为燃煤和机动车尾气排放。通过苯并(a)芘(BaP)等效毒性(BEQ)和苯并(a)芘等效致癌浓度(BaPE)进行健康风险评价,结果显示,西安大气中PAHs的毒性具有明显的季节差异,特别是秋季和冬季大气中PAHs对人类的健康存在较大的潜在威胁。

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