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含氯消毒剂与多类农药的反应活性研究

Keywords: 农药,含氯消毒剂,降解,饮用水处理

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Abstract:

为了研究农药在饮用水消毒过程中的降解情况,选择了8类使用广泛或者在水源中已检测出有残留的农药,研究其与普遍使用的3种含氯消毒剂(自由氯、氯胺和二氧化氯)的反应活性。实验结果表明,在农药浓度为5μmol/L(少数除外),消毒剂与农药摩尔比为200∶1,pH6.58~6.84,温度25±3℃的条件下,自由氯与除草定、乐果、涕灭威、涕灭威亚砜和灭虫威这5种农药反应很快,在2min内就将其完全降解,杀线威在60min内降解了98%;一氯胺只与涕灭威、灭虫威有很高的反应活性,分别在1min和4min内将2种农药降解完毕;二氧化氯可以在10min内完全降解除草定,反应120min后对涕灭威和灭虫威的降解率分别为75%和81%。3种消毒剂与其他种类农药的反应活性都很低。因此,在使用这3种消毒剂进行饮用水消毒处理时,只能有效降解(或转化)少数种类的农药,而大多数种类的农药将可能维持其化学结构,进入供水管网。

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