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调亏灌溉对香梨叶片光合速率及水分利用效率的影响

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2012.11.015, PP. 80-86

Keywords: 库尔勒香梨,调亏灌溉,光合速率,蒸腾速率,气孔开度,水分利用效率

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Abstract:

试验研究了调亏灌溉对成龄库尔勒香梨树叶片生理指标的影响。在果实快速膨大前期分别施加了2种水分胁迫:轻度水分胁迫,灌水量为蒸发量的60%;重度水分胁迫,灌水量为蒸发量的40%。在果实快速膨大期,灌水量为蒸发量的80%。对照处理为香梨的整个生育期灌水量均为蒸发量的80%。结果表明,调亏灌溉期间,水分胁迫显著地降低了香梨树的叶片光合速率、蒸腾速率与气孔开度;果实快速膨大期,调亏处理恢复充分灌后,叶片光合速率、蒸腾速率及气孔开度均在一定程度上恢复,轻度调亏处理恢复到与对照相同的水平,而重度的水分胁迫处理却始终低于对照。叶片蒸腾速率比光合速率对土壤水分变化更敏感,水分胁迫可提高香梨树的叶片水分利用效率。

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