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亏缺灌溉对成龄库尔勒香梨产量与根系生长的影响

DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2012.09.016, PP. 78-84

Keywords: 亏缺灌溉,滴灌,水分胁迫,果实生长,根长密度

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Abstract:

研究了亏缺灌溉对成龄库尔勒香梨树营养生长、果实生长与吸收根系分布的影响。香梨的生育中期,设计了4种土壤水分亏缺(灌前土壤水势下限):轻度胁迫(-100kPa)、中度胁迫(-200kPa)、重度胁迫(-300kPa)和对照(-50kPa)。灌溉系统为地表滴灌。试验结果表明,亏缺灌溉显著地减少了夏季剪枝量,提高了果实产量。充分灌溉条件下,香梨树根长密度从树行由内向外呈递减趋势,滴灌促进了湿润体内的吸收根系的发育;距树行0.5m,根长密度随着深度的增加而减少;距树行1m至1.5m,根长密度随着深度的增加而增加;距树行2m的非灌溉区,根长密度在垂直方向上变化不显著。为适应滴灌湿润体内水分胁迫,香梨树在湿润体内及非灌溉区的吸收根系的分布均发生了显著的调整。适度水分胁迫下的根长密度增加对香梨产量有促进作用。

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