Kakigano H, Nishino A, Miura Y, et al．Distribution voltage control for DC microgrid by converters of energy storages considering the stored energy[C]//Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)．Altanta:IEEE, 2010:2851-2856．
[2]
Kakigano H, Nishino A, Ise T．Distribution voltage control for DC microgrid with fuzzy control and gain-scheduling control[C]//Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE & ECCE)．Jeju, Korea:IEEE, 2011:256-263．
[3]
Mohamed A, Mohammed O．Smart power flow control in DC distribution systems involving sustainable energy sources[C]//Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition．New Orleans, USA:IEEE, 2010:372-379．
[4]
Veilleux E, Ooi B．Multiterminal HVDC with thyristor power-flow controller[J]．IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2012, 27(3):1205-1212．
[5]
Villar Irma．Multiphysical characterization of medium-frequency power electronic transformers[D]．Diss:École Polytechnique Fédérale De Lausanne, 2010．
[6]
Agustoni A, Borioli E, Brenna M, et al．LV DC distribution network with distributed energy resources:analysis of possible structures[C]//18th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution．Italy:CIRED, 2005:1-5．
[7]
Tomi Hakala．The utilization potential of LVDC distribution in the Vattenfall distribution network[D]．Tampere:Tampere University of Technology, 2012．
[8]
Chen Hairo, Xu Zheng, Zhang Jin, et al．Supply system based on VSC-MTDC system[J]．High Voltage Engineering, 2006, 32(9):1-5(in Chinese)．
[9]
Stendius L, Eriksson K．HVDC light-an excellent tool for city center infeed[C]//PowerGen Conference．Singapore:IEEE, 1999:1-7．
[10]
Jiang H, Ekstrom A．Multiterminal HVDC systems in urban areas of large cities[J]．IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1998, 13(4):1278-1284．
[11]
Mura F, De Doncker R W．Design aspects of a medium-voltage direct current (MVDC) grid for a university campus[C]//Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE & ECCE)．Jeju, Kore:IEEE, 2011:2359-2366．
Ruan Siye, Li Guojie, Sun Yuanzhang, et al．A control strategy for multi-infeed VSC-HVDC systems[J]．Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2009, 33(12):57-60, 96(in Chinese)．
[14]
Xu L, Yao L．DC voltage control and power dispatch of a multi-terminal HVDC system for integrating large offshore wind farms[J]．IET renewable power generation, 2011, 5(3):223-233．
[15]
Pinto R T, Rodrigues S F, Bauer P, et al．Comparison of direct voltage control methods of multi-terminal DC (MTDC) networks through modular dynamic models[C]//Power Electronics and Applications (EPE 2011)．Birmingham, UK:IEEE, 2011:1-10．
[16]
Da Silva R, Teodorescu R, Rodriguez P．Power delivery in multiterminal VSC-HVDC transmission system for offshore wind power applications[C]//Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT Europe)．Manchester, UK:IEEE, 2010:1-8．
[17]
Lu W, Ooi B T．DC voltage limit compliance in voltage-source converter based multi-terminal HVDC[C]//Power Engineering Society General Meeting．San Francisco, CA:IEEE, 2005:1322-1327．
[18]
Mura F, Meyer C, De Doncker R W．Stability analysis of high-power dc grids[J]．IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2010, 46(2):584-592．
[19]
Middlebrook R D．Input filter considerations in design and application of switching regulators[C]// IEEE Industry Applications Soc. Ann. Meeting．Chicago, USA:IEEE, 1976:1-6．
[20]
Feng X, Ye Z, Xing K, et al．Impedance specification and impedance improvement for DC distributed power system[C]//Power Electronics Specialists Conference．Charleston, SC, USA:IEEE, 1999:889-894．
[21]
Wang H, Liu J, Huang W．Stability prediction based on individual impedance measurement for distributed DC power systems[C]//Power Electronics and ECCE．Jeju, Korea:IEEE, 2011:2114-2120．
[22]
Liu J, Feng X, Lee F C, et al．Stability margin monitoring for DC distributed power systems via current/voltage perturbation[C]//Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition．Anaheim, CA, USA:IEEE, 2001:745-751．
[23]
Lu W, Ooi B T．DC voltage limit compliance in voltage-source converter based multi-terminal HVDC[C]//Power Engineering Society General Meeting．San Francisco, CA:IEEE, 2005:1322-1327．
[24]
Liu C, Zhang B, Hou Y, et al. An improved approach for AC-DC power flow calculation with multi-infeed DC systems[J]．Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on, 2011, 26(2):862-869．
[25]
Veilleux E, Ooi B T．Power flow analysis in multi-terminal HVDC grid[C]//Power Systems Conference and Exposition (PSCE)．Pheonix, AZ:IEEE, 2011:1-7．
[26]
Mohamed A, Mohammed O．Smart power flow control in DC distribution systems involving sustainable energy sources[C]//Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition．New Orleans, USA:IEEE, 2010:372-379．
[27]
Veilleux E, Ooi B．Multiterminal HVDC with thyristor power-flow controller[J]．IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2012, 27(3):1205-1212．
[28]
Villar Irma．Multiphysical characterization of medium-frequency power electronic transformers[D]．Diss:École Polytechnique Fédérale De Lausanne, 2010．
[29]
Hugo N, Stefanutti P, Pellerin M, et al．Power electronics traction transformer[C]//Power Electronics and Applications．Aalborg, Denmark:IEEE, 2007:1-10．
[30]
Heinemann L．An actively cooled high power, high frequency transformer with high insulation capability[C]//Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition．Dallas, TX, USA:IEEE, 2002:352-357．
[31]
Steiner M, Reinold H．Medium frequency topology in railway applications[C]//Power Electronics and Applications．Aalborg, Denmark:IEEE, 2007:1-10．
[32]
Kjellqvist T, Norrga S, Ostlund S．Design considerations for a medium frequency transformer in a line side power conversion system[C]//Power Electronics Specialists Conference．Aachen, Germany:IEEE, 2004, 1:704-710．
[33]
Morren J, Pavlovsky M, de Haan S, et al．DC-DC conversion for offshore windfarms[C]//9th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications．Graz, Austria:EPE, 2001:1-6．
[34]
Jovcic D．Bidirectional, high-power DC transformer[J]．IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2009, 24(4):2276-2283．
[35]
Robinson J, Jovcic D, Joos G．3-phase step-up resonant DC-DC converter for medium power applications[C]//Electrical Power & Energy Conference (EPEC)．Montreal, Canada:IEEE, 2009:1-7．
[36]
Jovcic D, Ooi B T．Theoretical aspects of fault isolation on high-power direct current lines using resonant direct current/direct current converters[J]．IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 2011, 5(2):153-160．
[37]
Jovcic D, Wu B．Fast fault current interruption on high-power DC networks[C]//Power and Energy Society General Meeting．MN, USA:IEEE, 2010:1-6．
[38]
PIER buildings program, DC power distribution cuts data center energy use, California Energy Commission’s public interest energy research program technical brief[EB/OL]．[2007-08-16]．http://hightech.lbl.gov/ documents/data_centers/cec-TB-40.pdf．
[39]
Fortenbery B, EPRI, Tschudi W．DC power for improved data center efficiency[R]．California:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 2008．
[40]
Rasmussen N, Spitaels J．A quantitative comparison of high efficiency ac vs．DC power distribution for data centers[R]．White Paper, 2007．
[41]
Lassila J, Kaipia T, Voutilainen V, et al．Potential of power electronics in electricity distribution systems[C]//Smart Grids for Distribution．Frankfurt, France:IET, 2008:1-4．
[42]
Kaipia T, Salonen P, Lassila J, et al．Possibilities of the low voltage DC distribution systems[C]//Nordac, Nordic Distribution and Asset Management Conference．2006:1-10．
[43]
Kaipia T, Salonen P, Lassila J, et al．Application of low voltage DC-distribution system-a techno-economical study[C]//Proceedings CIRED Conference．Alberta, Canada:Proceedings CIRED Conference, 2007:21-24．
[44]
Borioli E, Brenna M, Faranda R, et al．Comparison between the electrical capabilities of the cables used in LV AC and DC power lines[C]//Harmonics and Quality of Power．Lake Placid, NY, USA:IEEE, 2004:408-413．
[45]
Agustoni A, Borioli E, Brenna M, et al．LV DC distribution network with distributed energy resources:analysis of possible structures[C]//18th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution．Italy:CIRED, 2005:1-5．
[46]
Tomi Hakala．The utilization potential of LVDC distribution in the Vattenfall distribution network[D]．Tampere:Tampere University of Technology, 2012．
[47]
Li G, Li G, Zhao C, et al．Research on voltage source converter based dc distribution network[C]//Industrial Electronics and Applications．Harbin, China:IEEE, 2007:1927-1932．
[48]
陈海荣, 徐政, 张静, 等．一种基于电压源型多端直流输电的供电系统[J]．高电压技术, 2006, 32(9):1-5．Chen Hairo, Xu Zheng, Zhang Jin, et al．Supply system based on VSC-MTDC system[J]．High Voltage Engineering, 2006, 32(9):1-5(in Chinese)．
[49]
Stendius L, Eriksson K．HVDC light-an excellent tool for city center infeed[C]//PowerGen Conference．Singapore:IEEE, 1999:1-7．
[50]
Jiang H, Ekstrom A．Multiterminal HVDC systems in urban areas of large cities[J]．IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1998, 13(4):1278-1284．
[51]
Mura F, De Doncker R W．Design aspects of a medium-voltage direct current (MVDC) grid for a university campus[C]//Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE & ECCE)．Jeju, Kore:IEEE, 2011:2359-2366．
[52]
Tabisz W A, Jovanovic M M, Lee F C．Present and future of distributed power systems[C]//Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition．Boston, MA, USA:IEEE, 1992:11-18．
[53]
Luo S．A review of distributed power systems part I:DC distributed power system[J]．Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, 2005, 20(8):5-16．
[54]
袁旭峰, 文劲宇, 程时杰, 等．多端直流输电系统中的直流功率调制技术[J]．电网技术, 2007, 31(14):57-61, 78．Yuan Xufeng, Wen Jinyu, Cheng Shijie, et al．DC power modulation in multi-terminal HVDC transmission system[J]．Power System Technology, 2007, 31(14):57-61, 78(in Chinese)．
[55]
Lescale V F, Kumar A, Juhlin L E, et al．Challenges with multi-terminal UHVDC transmissions[C]//Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference．India:IEEE, 2008:1-7．
[56]
Xu L, Williams B W, Yao L．Multi-terminal DC transmission systems for connecting large offshore wind farms[C]//Power and Energy Society General Meeting-Conversion．Pennsylvania, USA:IEEE, 2008:1-7．
[57]
陈海荣, 徐政．适用于VSC-MTDC系统的直流电压控制策略[J]．电力系统自动化, 2006, 30(19):28-33．Chen Hairong, Xu Zheng．A novel DC voltage control strategy for VSC based multi-terminal HVDC system[J]．Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2006, 30(19):28-33(in Chinese)．
[58]
Chen H, Wang C, Zhang F, et al．Control strategy research of VSC based multiterminal HVDC system[C]//Power Systems Conference and Exposition．Atlanta, GA:IEEE, 2006:1986-1990．
[59]
Seki N．Field testing of 53 MVA three-terminal DC link between power systems using GTO converters[C]//Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting．Singapore:IEEE, 2000:2504-2508．
[60]
Nakajima T, Irokawa S．A control system for HVDC transmission by voltage sourced converters[C]//Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting．Edmonton, Alta, Canada:IEEE, 1999:1113-1119．
[61]
Ismunandar Christian．Control of Multi-Terminal VSC-HVDC for Offshore Wind Power Integration[D]．Delft, The Netherlands:Delft University of Technology, 2010．
[62]
Barker C D, Whitehouse R．Autonomous converter control in a multi-terminal HVDC system[C]//AC and DC Power Transmission．London:IET, 2010:1-5．
[63]
Prieto-Araujo E, Bianchi F D, Junyent-Ferre A, et al．Methodology for droop control dynamic analysis of multiterminal VSC-HVDC grids for offshore wind farms[J]．IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2011, 26(4):2476-2485．
[64]
阮思烨, 李国杰, 孙元章, 等．多端电压源型直流输电系统的控制策略[J]．电力系统自动化, 2009, 33(12):57-60, 96．Ruan Siye, Li Guojie, Sun Yuanzhang, et al．A control strategy for multi-infeed VSC-HVDC systems[J]．Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2009, 33(12):57-60, 96(in Chinese)．
[65]
Xu L, Yao L．DC voltage control and power dispatch of a multi-terminal HVDC system for integrating large offshore wind farms[J]．IET renewable power generation, 2011, 5(3):223-233．
[66]
Pinto R T, Rodrigues S F, Bauer P, et al．Comparison of direct voltage control methods of multi-terminal DC (MTDC) networks through modular dynamic models[C]//Power Electronics and Applications (EPE 2011)．Birmingham, UK:IEEE, 2011:1-10．
[67]
Da Silva R, Teodorescu R, Rodriguez P．Power delivery in multiterminal VSC-HVDC transmission system for offshore wind power applications[C]//Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT Europe)．Manchester, UK:IEEE, 2010:1-8．
[68]
Lu W, Ooi B T．DC voltage limit compliance in voltage-source converter based multi-terminal HVDC[C]//Power Engineering Society General Meeting．San Francisco, CA:IEEE, 2005:1322-1327．
[69]
Mura F, Meyer C, De Doncker R W．Stability analysis of high-power dc grids[J]．IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2010, 46(2):584-592．
[70]
Middlebrook R D．Input filter considerations in design and application of switching regulators[C]// IEEE Industry Applications Soc. Ann. Meeting．Chicago, USA:IEEE, 1976:1-6．
[71]
Feng X, Ye Z, Xing K, et al．Impedance specification and impedance improvement for DC distributed power system[C]//Power Electronics Specialists Conference．Charleston, SC, USA:IEEE, 1999:889-894．
[72]
Wang H, Liu J, Huang W．Stability prediction based on individual impedance measurement for distributed DC power systems[C]//Power Electronics and ECCE．Jeju, Korea:IEEE, 2011:2114-2120．
[73]
Liu J, Feng X, Lee F C, et al．Stability margin monitoring for DC distributed power systems via current/voltage perturbation[C]//Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition．Anaheim, CA, USA:IEEE, 2001:745-751．
[74]
Lu W, Ooi B T．DC voltage limit compliance in voltage-source converter based multi-terminal HVDC[C]//Power Engineering Society General Meeting．San Francisco, CA:IEEE, 2005:1322-1327．
[75]
Liu C, Zhang B, Hou Y, et al. An improved approach for AC-DC power flow calculation with multi-infeed DC systems[J]．Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on, 2011, 26(2):862-869．
[76]
Zhang X P．Multiterminal voltage-sourced converter-based HVDC models for power flow analysis[J]．IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2004, 19(4):1877-1884．
[77]
Haileselassie T M, Uhlen K．Power flow analysis of multi-terminal HVDC networks[C]//Power Tech．Trondheim, Norway:IEEE, 2011:1-6．
[78]
Beerten J, Van Hertem D, Belmans R．VSC MTDC systems with a distributed DC voltage control-A power flow approach[C]//Power Tech．Trondheim．Norway:IEEE, 2011:1-6．
[79]
Beerten J, Cole S, Belmans R．Generalized steady-state VSC mtdc model for sequential AC/DC power flow algorithms[J]．IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2012, 27(2):821-829．
[80]
Veilleux E, Ooi B T．Power flow analysis in multi-terminal HVDC grid[C]//Power Systems Conference and Exposition (PSCE)．Pheonix, AZ:IEEE, 2011:1-7．
[81]
Hugo N, Stefanutti P, Pellerin M, et al．Power electronics traction transformer[C]//Power Electronics and Applications．Aalborg, Denmark:IEEE, 2007:1-10．
[82]
Heinemann L．An actively cooled high power, high frequency transformer with high insulation capability[C]//Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition．Dallas, TX, USA:IEEE, 2002:352-357．
[83]
Steiner M, Reinold H．Medium frequency topology in railway applications[C]//Power Electronics and Applications．Aalborg, Denmark:IEEE, 2007:1-10．
[84]
Kjellqvist T, Norrga S, Ostlund S．Design considerations for a medium frequency transformer in a line side power conversion system[C]//Power Electronics Specialists Conference．Aachen, Germany:IEEE, 2004, 1:704-710．
[85]
Morren J, Pavlovsky M, de Haan S, et al．DC-DC conversion for offshore windfarms[C]//9th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications．Graz, Austria:EPE, 2001:1-6．
[86]
Ortiz G, Biela J, Bortis D, et al．1 Megawatt, 20 kHz, isolated, bidirectional 12 kV to 1.2 kV DC-DC converter for renewable energy applications[C]//Power Electronics Conference (IPEC)． Sapporo, Japan:IEEE, 2010:3212-3219．
[87]
Meyer C, De Doncker R W．Design of a three-phase series resonant converter for offshore DC grids[C]//Industry Applications Conference．Louisiana, USA:IEEE, 2007:216-223．
[88]
Jovcic D．Bidirectional, high-power DC transformer[J]．IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2009, 24(4):2276-2283．
[89]
Robinson J, Jovcic D, Joos G．3-phase step-up resonant DC-DC converter for medium power applications[C]//Electrical Power & Energy Conference (EPEC)．Montreal, Canada:IEEE, 2009:1-7．
[90]
Jovcic D, Ooi B T．Theoretical aspects of fault isolation on high-power direct current lines using resonant direct current/direct current converters[J]．IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 2011, 5(2):153-160．
Engelen K, Leung Shun E, Vermeyen P, et al．The feasibility of small-scale residential DC distribution systems[C]/IECON 2006-32nd Annual Conference on Industrial Electronics．Paris, France:IEEE, 2006:2618-2623．
[95]
Salonen P, Kaipia T, Nuutinen P, et al．An LVDC distribution system concept[C]//Nordic Workshop on Power and Industrial Electronics (NORPIE/2008)．Espoo, Finland:Helsinki University of Technology, 2008:9-11
[96]
Nilsson D, Sannino A．Efficiency analysis of low-and medium-voltage dc distribution systems[C]//Power Engineering Society General Meeting．Denver CO, USA:IEEE, 2004:2315-2321．
[97]
Starke M R, Tolbert L M, Ozpineci B．AC vs．DC distribution:a loss comparison[C]//Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition, (T&D．IEEE/PES)．Chicago, USA:IEEE, 2008:1-7．
[98]
Pang H, Lo E, Pong B．DC electrical distribution systems in buildings[C]//Power Electronics Systems and Applications．Hong Kong:IEEE, 2006:115-119．
[99]
Kakigano H, Nomura M, Ise T．Loss evaluation of DC distribution for residential houses compared with AC system[C]//Power Electronics Conference (IPEC)．Sapporo, Japan:IEEE, 2010:480-486．
[100]
PIER buildings program, DC power distribution cuts data center energy use, California Energy Commission’s public interest energy research program technical brief[EB/OL]．[2007-08-16]．http://hightech.lbl.gov/ documents/data_centers/cec-TB-40.pdf．
[101]
Fortenbery B, EPRI, Tschudi W．DC power for improved data center efficiency[R]．California:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, 2008．
[102]
Rasmussen N, Spitaels J．A quantitative comparison of high efficiency ac vs．DC power distribution for data centers[R]．White Paper, 2007．
[103]
Lassila J, Kaipia T, Voutilainen V, et al．Potential of power electronics in electricity distribution systems[C]//Smart Grids for Distribution．Frankfurt, France:IET, 2008:1-4．
[104]
Kaipia T, Salonen P, Lassila J, et al．Possibilities of the low voltage DC distribution systems[C]//Nordac, Nordic Distribution and Asset Management Conference．2006:1-10．
[105]
Kaipia T, Salonen P, Lassila J, et al．Application of low voltage DC-distribution system-a techno-economical study[C]//Proceedings CIRED Conference．Alberta, Canada:Proceedings CIRED Conference, 2007:21-24．
[106]
Borioli E, Brenna M, Faranda R, et al．Comparison between the electrical capabilities of the cables used in LV AC and DC power lines[C]//Harmonics and Quality of Power．Lake Placid, NY, USA:IEEE, 2004:408-413．
[107]
Li G, Li G, Zhao C, et al．Research on voltage source converter based dc distribution network[C]//Industrial Electronics and Applications．Harbin, China:IEEE, 2007:1927-1932．
Tabisz W A, Jovanovic M M, Lee F C．Present and future of distributed power systems[C]//Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition．Boston, MA, USA:IEEE, 1992:11-18．
[110]
Luo S．A review of distributed power systems part I:DC distributed power system[J]．Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, 2005, 20(8):5-16．
Yuan Xufeng, Wen Jinyu, Cheng Shijie, et al．DC power modulation in multi-terminal HVDC transmission system[J]．Power System Technology, 2007, 31(14):57-61, 78(in Chinese)．
[113]
Lescale V F, Kumar A, Juhlin L E, et al．Challenges with multi-terminal UHVDC transmissions[C]//Power System Technology and IEEE Power India Conference．India:IEEE, 2008:1-7．
[114]
Xu L, Williams B W, Yao L．Multi-terminal DC transmission systems for connecting large offshore wind farms[C]//Power and Energy Society General Meeting-Conversion．Pennsylvania, USA:IEEE, 2008:1-7．
Chen Hairong, Xu Zheng．A novel DC voltage control strategy for VSC based multi-terminal HVDC system[J]．Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2006, 30(19):28-33(in Chinese)．
[117]
Chen H, Wang C, Zhang F, et al．Control strategy research of VSC based multiterminal HVDC system[C]//Power Systems Conference and Exposition．Atlanta, GA:IEEE, 2006:1986-1990．
[118]
Seki N．Field testing of 53 MVA three-terminal DC link between power systems using GTO converters[C]//Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting．Singapore:IEEE, 2000:2504-2508．
[119]
Nakajima T, Irokawa S．A control system for HVDC transmission by voltage sourced converters[C]//Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting．Edmonton, Alta, Canada:IEEE, 1999:1113-1119．
[120]
Ismunandar Christian．Control of Multi-Terminal VSC-HVDC for Offshore Wind Power Integration[D]．Delft, The Netherlands:Delft University of Technology, 2010．
[121]
Barker C D, Whitehouse R．Autonomous converter control in a multi-terminal HVDC system[C]//AC and DC Power Transmission．London:IET, 2010:1-5．
[122]
Prieto-Araujo E, Bianchi F D, Junyent-Ferre A, et al．Methodology for droop control dynamic analysis of multiterminal VSC-HVDC grids for offshore wind farms[J]．IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2011, 26(4):2476-2485．
[123]
Kakigano H, Nishino A, Miura Y, et al．Distribution voltage control for DC microgrid by converters of energy storages considering the stored energy[C]//Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)．Altanta:IEEE, 2010:2851-2856．
[124]
Kakigano H, Nishino A, Ise T．Distribution voltage control for DC microgrid with fuzzy control and gain-scheduling control[C]//Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE & ECCE)．Jeju, Korea:IEEE, 2011:256-263．
[125]
Zhang X P．Multiterminal voltage-sourced converter-based HVDC models for power flow analysis[J]．IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2004, 19(4):1877-1884．
[126]
Haileselassie T M, Uhlen K．Power flow analysis of multi-terminal HVDC networks[C]//Power Tech．Trondheim, Norway:IEEE, 2011:1-6．
[127]
Beerten J, Van Hertem D, Belmans R．VSC MTDC systems with a distributed DC voltage control-A power flow approach[C]//Power Tech．Trondheim．Norway:IEEE, 2011:1-6．
[128]
Beerten J, Cole S, Belmans R．Generalized steady-state VSC mtdc model for sequential AC/DC power flow algorithms[J]．IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2012, 27(2):821-829．
[129]
Ortiz G, Biela J, Bortis D, et al．1 Megawatt, 20 kHz, isolated, bidirectional 12 kV to 1.2 kV DC-DC converter for renewable energy applications[C]//Power Electronics Conference (IPEC)． Sapporo, Japan:IEEE, 2010:3212-3219．
[130]
Meyer C, De Doncker R W．Design of a three-phase series resonant converter for offshore DC grids[C]//Industry Applications Conference．Louisiana, USA:IEEE, 2007:216-223．
Engelen K, Leung Shun E, Vermeyen P, et al．The feasibility of small-scale residential DC distribution systems[C]/IECON 2006-32nd Annual Conference on Industrial Electronics．Paris, France:IEEE, 2006:2618-2623．
[135]
Salonen P, Kaipia T, Nuutinen P, et al．An LVDC distribution system concept[C]//Nordic Workshop on Power and Industrial Electronics (NORPIE/2008)．Espoo, Finland:Helsinki University of Technology, 2008:9-11
[136]
Nilsson D, Sannino A．Efficiency analysis of low-and medium-voltage dc distribution systems[C]//Power Engineering Society General Meeting．Denver CO, USA:IEEE, 2004:2315-2321．
[137]
Starke M R, Tolbert L M, Ozpineci B．AC vs．DC distribution:a loss comparison[C]//Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition, (T&D．IEEE/PES)．Chicago, USA:IEEE, 2008:1-7．
[138]
Pang H, Lo E, Pong B．DC electrical distribution systems in buildings[C]//Power Electronics Systems and Applications．Hong Kong:IEEE, 2006:115-119．
[139]
Kakigano H, Nomura M, Ise T．Loss evaluation of DC distribution for residential houses compared with AC system[C]//Power Electronics Conference (IPEC)．Sapporo, Japan:IEEE, 2010:480-486．
