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中国1:25万土地覆盖遥感制图精度评价——以鄱阳湖地区为例

DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2012.00497, PP. 497-506

Keywords: 土地覆盖,遥感制图,精度验证,鄱阳湖

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Abstract:

全球及区域尺度的土地覆盖数据是陆地表层过程研究的重要基础。土地覆盖遥感制图是全球变化和区域可持续发展研究重要的支撑数据,制图精度评价对于数据生产者和数据用户都具有非常重要的意义。2011年在鄱阳湖地区的野外考察共采集包括定点验证、GPS以及解译标志3种类型的土地覆盖样点321个,本文利用剔除了时间差异影响后的287个土地覆盖样点,将样点的实际土地覆盖类型与遥感制图中相应位置的土地覆盖类型进行对比,并利用分层次评估法,即分别在土地覆盖一级类和二级类两个尺度上,采用正确得1分,错误得0分的计分方法,对2005年中国125万土地覆盖遥感制图在鄱阳湖地区的精度进行实地验证。结果表明(1)在土地覆盖一级类型尺度上总体的制图精度为61.67%。其中,湿地/水体的制图精度为100%,农田的制图精度为98.4%,森林的制图精度为80.0%,聚落和草地的精度均低于20%。(2)在二级类型尺度上总体的制图精度为44.25%。其中,2个草地和3个森林及1个农田的二级类型的分类精度为0,旱地、城镇建设用地和农村聚落的分类精度也很低,分别为21.1%、29.0%和1.7%。实地调查发现,2005年左右的全国125万土地覆盖遥感制图基本上反映了鄱阳湖地区的土地覆盖状况。但是,对于一些具有过渡性质的土地覆盖类型,如森林和草地等,仅依靠遥感技术准确识别区分仍有一定的难度。

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