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基于时空棱柱的人员搜寻范围优化

DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2014.00531, PP. 531-536

Keywords: 搜寻范围,时空棱柱,搜救,地理信息系统,时空约束

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Abstract:

在人员搜寻过程中,地理信息技术的应用能帮助缩小搜寻的空间范围、合理分配搜救资源,从而提高搜救效率、节约时间和资金投入。本文首先探讨了户外搜救过程中,地理信息技术在协助划定搜寻的空间范围和分配应急资源方面的应用;在此基础上,将时间作为连续变化的因素进行分析,以时间地理学对人员搜寻的时空范围进行优化;利用时空棱柱工具表达失踪对象和搜救资源各自的时空约束,继而确定他们各自随着时间变化的潜在活动范围;通过求解搜救资源和失踪对象的时空交集,来确定每个搜救资源最优的搜寻范围的外边界;通过将各资源的最优搜索范围的外边界进行综合分析,来求解在多个资源协作情况下的最小搜寻范围和各资源对应的搜索起点,实现对搜救资源的合理分配;最后,在ArcGIS平台上对该方法进行了实现和模拟。搜救案例展示该方法划定的人员搜寻范围在空间上更小,时间上更为精确,有助于分配救援资源和提高搜救效率。

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