Treicher J R, Agee A G. A new approach to multipath correction of constant modulus signals[J]. IEEE Trans on Acoust, Speech, Signal Processing, 1983,31(2):349-472.
[2]
Makino H, Ishii I, Nakashizuka M. Development of navigation system for the blind using GPS and mobile phone combination[C]. 18th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 1996,506-507.
[3]
Loomis J M, Golledge R G, Klatzky R L. GPS-based navigation systems for the visually impaired[M].//Fundamentals of wearable computers and augmented reality, Mahwah:Lawrence Erlbaum, 2001,429-446.
[4]
Kowalik R, Kwasniewski S. Navigator-a talking GPS receiver for the blind[J]. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004(3118):446-449.
[5]
Hatakeyama T, Hagiwara F, Koike H, et al. Remote infrared audible signage system[J]. International journal of human- computer interaction, 2004,17(1):61-70.
[6]
Li X, Lin H. A trajectory-oriented, carriageway-based road network data model, part 3: Implementation[J]. Geospatial Information Science,2006,9(3):201-205.
Golledge R G, Klatzky R L, Loomis J M, et al. A geographic information system for a GPS based personal guidance system[J]. International Journal of Geographic Information Science, 1998,12(7):727-749.
[10]
Golledge R G. Reflections on procedures for learning environments without the use of sight[J]. Journal of Geography, 2005,104(3):95-103.
[11]
Loomis J M, Marston J R, Golledge R G, et al. Personal guidance system for people with visual impairment: a comparison of patial displays for route guidance[J]. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2005,99(4):219-232.
[12]
Marston J R, Loomis J M, Klatzky R L, et al. Evaluation of spatial displays for navigation without sight[J]. ACM Transactions on Applied Perception, 2006,3(2):110-124.
[13]
Wasserburger W, Neuschmid J, Schrenk M. Web-based city maps for blind and visually impaired[C].Proceedings REAL CORP 2001 Tagungsband, 2011.
[14]
Rice M T, Hammill W C, Aburizaiza A O, et al. Integrating user-contributed geospatial data with assistive geotechnology using a localized gazetteer[J]. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography, 2011(1):279-291.
[15]
Rice M T, Aburizaiza A O, Jocobson R D, et al. Supporting accessibility for blind and vision-impaired people with a localized gazetteer and open source geotechnology[J]. Transactions in GIS, 2012,16(2):177-190.
[16]
Andrich R, Caracciolo A. Analysing the cost of individual assistive technology programmers[J]. Disabil Rehabil: Assist Technol, 2007(2):207-234.
Willis S, Helal S. RFID information grid for blind navigation and wayfinding[C]. Proceedings of the 2005 Ninth IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers, 2005.
[20]
Bohonos S, Lee A, Malik A, et al. Universal Real-Time Navigational Assistance (URNA): An urban Bluetooth beacon for the blind[C]. Proceeding of the 1st ACM SIGMOBILE International Workshop on Systems and Networking Support for Healthcare and Assisted Living Environments, 2007.
[21]
Wilson J, Walker B N, Lindsay J, et al. SWAN: System for wearable audio navigation[C]. Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Wearable Computers, 2007.
[22]
Alhajri K, Al-Salihi N A, Garaj V, et al. The performance of WiFi network for application in a navigation system for visually impaired people[J/OL]. http://ieeexplore.ieee. org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4547571, 2008.
[23]
Ganz A, Gandhi S R, Wilson C, et al. Insight: RFID and Bluetooth enabled automated space for the blind and visually impaired[C]. 32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS, 2010.
[24]
Hashino S, Yamada S. An ultrasonic blind guidance system for street crossings[J]. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2010(3118):446-449.
徐珠宝,许勇,杨军. Windows Mobile 平台下的盲人导航软件系统开发[J].计算机与现代化,2010(10):116-119.
[28]
张朝阳.语音识别技术在盲用导航系统中的应用[D].北京:北方工业大学,2011.
[29]
Shang W Q,Jiang W, Chu J. A machine vision based navigation system for the blind[C]. 2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Automation Engineering (CSAE), 2011.
[30]
Ivanchenko V, Coughlan J, Gerrey W, et al. Computer vision-based clear path guidance for blind wheelchair users[C]. Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accssibility, 2008.
[31]
Fernandes H, Conceicao N, Paredes H, et al. Providing accessibility to blind people using GIS[J]. Universal Access in the Information Society, 2012(11):399-407.
[32]
房东东.双目视觉导航系统探索与研究[D].太原:中北大学,2013.
[33]
Shoval S, Borenstein J. The NavBelt-a computerized travel aid for the blind on mobile robotics technology[J]. IEEE Transactionson Biomedieal Engineering,1998,107-116.
[34]
Ran L, Helal S, Moore S. Drishti: An integrated indoor/outdoor blind navigation system and service[C]. Pervasive Computing and Communications, 2004.
[35]
Yang R Y, Park S M, Sonali R M. Supporting spatial awareness and independent wayfinding for pedestrians with visual impairments[C]. Pervasive Computing and Communications, 2011.
Yaagoubi R, Edwards G. Cognitive design in action: developing assistive technology for situational awareness for persons who are blind[J]. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, 2008,3(5):241-252.
Susanna M. Understanding and representing space: Theory and evidence from studies with blind and sighted children[M]. New York: Clarendon Press/Oxford University Press, 1994.
[40]
Chandler E, Worsfold J. Understanding the requirements of geographic data for blind and Partially sighted people to make journeys more independently[J]. Applied Ergonomics, 2013,44(6):919-928.
[41]
Longley P A, Goodchild M F, Maguire D J, et al. Geographic information systems & science[M]. Hoboken: JohnWiley & Sons, Inc, 2011.
[42]
Kitchin R M, Blades M, Golledge R G. Understanding spatial concepts at the geographic scale without the use of vision[J]. Progress Hum Geography, 1997(21):225-242.
[43]
Ungar S. Cognitive mapping without visual experience[M].//Cognitive mapping: past, present and future. London: Routledge, 2000.
[44]
Jacobson R D, Lippa Y, Golledge R G, et al. Rapid development of cognitive maps in people with visual impairments when exploring novel geographic spaces[J]. IAPS Bulletin of People-Environment Studies (Special Issue on Environmental Cognition), 2001(18):3-6.
[45]
Lynch K. The Image of the City[M]. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1960.
[46]
Bentzen B L, Barlow J M, Bond T. Challenges of unfamiliar signalized intersections for pedestrians who are blind: Research on safety[J]. Transportation Research Record, 2004(1878):51-57.
[47]
Gaunet F. Verbal guidance rules for a localized way finding aid intended for blind-pedestrians in urban areas[J]. Universal Access in the Information Society, 2006(4):338-353.
[48]
Yaagoubi R, Edwards G. Standards and spatial data infrastructures to help the navigation of blind pedestrian in urban areas[M].//Urban and Regional Data Management. London:Taylor & Francis Group, 2009.
[49]
Yaagoubi R, Edwards G, Badard T, et al. Enhancing the mental representations of space used by blind pedestrians, based on an image schemata model[J]. Cognitive Processing, 2012(13):333-347.
[50]
Pey T, Nzegwu F, Dooley G. Functionality and the needs of blind and partially-sighted adults in the UK: An Interim Report[R]. Reading: Guide Dogs for the Blind Association, 2006.
[51]
Polzerova J, Fraser M. Summary of the first round of member forum discussions on inclusive travel, shopping and control of money (Programme E)[R]. London: Royal National Institute of Blind People, 2009.
[52]
Pavey S, Dodgson A, Douglas G, et al. Travel, transport, and mobility of people who are blind and partially sighted in the UK[R]. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2006.
[53]
Strothotte T, Petrie H, Johnson V, et al. MoBIC: user needs and preliminary design for a mobility aid for blind and elderly travelers[C]. The European Context for Assistive Technology: Proceedings of the 2nd Tide, 1995.
[54]
Laakso M, Sarjakoski T, Sarjakoski L T, et al. Accessible map and LBS content guidelines[R]. Lund: Lund University, 2012.
[55]
Marston J R. Towards an accessible city: Empirical measurement and modeling of access to urban opportunities for those with vision impairments, using remote infrared audible signage[D]. Santa Barbara: University of California, 2002.
[56]
Marston J R, Golledge R G. The hidden demand for participation in activities and travel by persons who are visually impaired[J/OL]. http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~marstonj/PAPERS/Hidden%20Demand%20For%20Participation. pdf, 2003.
[57]
Golledge R G, Marston J R, Loomis J M, et al. Stated preferences for components of a personal guidance system for nonvisual navigation[J]. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2004,98(3):135-147.
[58]
Liao C F. Development of Mobile Accessible Pedestrian Signals (MAPS) for blind pedestrians at signalized intersections[R]. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 2011.
[59]
Essena R V, Hiestermann V.“XGDF”-The ISO model of geographic information for ITS[C]. ISPRS Workshop on Service and Application of Spatial Data Infrastructure, 2005.
[60]
Vonderohe A P, Hepworth T D. A methodology for design of measurement systems for linear referencing[J]. URISA Journal, 1998,10(1):48-56.
[61]
Miller H J, Shaw S L. Geographic Information System for Transportation: Principles and Applications[M]. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
[62]
Li X, Lin H. Indexing network-constrained trajectories for connectivity-based queries[J]. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 2006,20(3):303-328.