全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
科技导报  2015 

18-冠-6/KOH络合体系催化制备高通量聚酰胺反渗透膜

DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2015.14.006, PP. 36-40

Keywords: 反渗透,聚酰胺,复合膜,界面聚合,缚酸剂,冠醚

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

反渗透膜技术是一种重要的纯水供应技术,制备高通量反渗透膜成为研究热点。采用冠醚(18-crown-6)与KOH的络合性缚酸剂催化界面聚合反应制备聚酰胺反渗透膜,利用18-crown-6能与缚酸剂无机碱(KOH)形成络合物,加速KOH从水相到有机相的扩散,可以促进聚合反应的进行。通过此方法制备得到了厚度更薄、表面适度水解的分离膜,明显提高了膜的水通量。通过扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱技术显示,冠醚的添加可以有效抑制KOH导致的聚合单体的水解,保证膜具有合理的离子选择性,解决了使用纯KOH做缚酸剂时会明显降低膜分离性能的问题,对NaCl的截留率保持在90%以上,使用Cs+作为截留离子发现,该膜对Cs+同样具有良好的截留能力,说明缚酸剂对反渗透膜分离性能的改变基本不受电解质类型的影响。

References

[1]  Grinfeld A A, Artamkina G A, Beletskaya I P. Oxidation of nitrobenzenes by oxygen in a KOH-organic solvent-18-crown-6 ether system[J]. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Ussr Division of Chemical Science, 1982, 31(11): 2332-2332.
[2]  Freger V. Nanoscale heterogeneity of polyamide membranes formed by interfacial polymerization[J]. Langmuir, 2003, 19(11): 4791-4797.
[3]  Gurzhiy V V, Tyumentseva O S, Krivovichev S V, et al. Novel type of molecular connectivity in one-dimensional uranyl compounds: K@(18- crown-6)(H2O) (UO2)(SeO4)(NO3), a new potassium uranyl selenate with 18-crown-6 ether[J]. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2014, 45: 93-96.
[4]  Guida W C, Mathre D J. Phase-transfer alkylation of heterocycles in the presence of 18-crown-6 and potassium tert-butoxide[J]. Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1980, 45(16): 3172-3176.
[5]  Zhu L, Zhu L, Jiang J, et al. Hydrophilic and anti- fouling polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes with poly(2- hydroxyethyl methacrylate) grafted silica nanoparticles as additive[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2014, 451: 157-168.
[6]  Tansel B, Sager J, Rector T, et al. Significance of hydrated radius and hydration shells on ionic permeability during nanofiltration in dead end and cross flow modes[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2006, 51(1): 40-47.
[7]  Shannon M A, Bohn P W, Elimelech M, et al. Science and technology for water purification in the coming decades[J]. Nature, 2008, 452 (7185): 301-310.
[8]  Kuehne M A, Song R Q, Li N N, et al. Flux enhancement in TFC RO membranes[J]. Environmental Progress, 2001, 20(1): 23-26.
[9]  Navarro R, Gonzaleza M P, Saucedo I, et al. Effect of an acidic treatment on the chemical and charge properties of a nanofiltration membrane[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2008, 307(1): 136-148.
[10]  Raval H D, Trivedi J J, Joshi S V, et al. Flux enhancement of thin film composite RO membrane by controlled chlorine treatment[J]. Desalination, 2010, 250(3): 945-949.
[11]  Gorgojo P, Jimenez-Solomon M F, Livingston A G. Polyamide thin film composite membranes on cross-linked polyimide supports: Improvement of RO performance via activating solvent[J]. Desalination, 2014, 344: 181-188.
[12]  Xiang J, Xie Z, Hoang M, et al. Effect of ammonium salts on the properties of poly(piperazineamide) thin film composite nanofiltration membrane[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2014, 465: 34-40.
[13]  Karmakar R, Samanta A. Phase-transfer catalyst-induced changes in the absorption and fluorescence behavior of some electron donoracceptor molecules[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2001, 123(16): 3809-3817.
[14]  张林, 林赛赛, 魏平, 等. 4-二甲氨基吡啶催化的界面聚合法制备超 支化聚乙烯亚胺复合膜[J]. 催化学报, 2012, 33(10): 1730-1735. Zhang Lin, Lin Saisai, Wei Ping, et al. Preparation of hyperbranched polyethyleneimine composite membrane using interfacial polymerization catalyzed by 4- dimethylamiopryidine[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2012, 33(10): 1730-1735.
[15]  Kong C, Kanezashi M, Yamomoto T, et al. Controlled synthesis of high performance polyamide membrane with thin dense layer for water desalination[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2010, 362(1/2): 76-80.
[16]  Duan M, Wang Z, Xu J, et al. Influence of hexamethyl phosphoramide on polyamide composite reverse osmosis membrane performance[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2010, 75(2): 145-155.
[17]  Kim S H, Kwak S Y, Suzuki T. Positron annihilation spectroscopic evidence to demonstrate the flux-enhancement mechanism in morphology-controlled thin-film-composite (TFC) membrane[J]. Environmental Science &Technology, 2005, 39(6): 1764-1770.
[18]  Ghosh A K, Jeong B H, Huang X, et al. Impacts of reaction and curing conditions on polyamide composite reverse osmosis membrane properties[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2008, 311(1/2): 34-45.
[19]  Cadotte J E. Reverse osmosis membrane: US Patent 4039440[P]. 1977-08-02.
[20]  Petersen R J. Composite reverse-osmosis and nanofiltration membranes[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 1993, 83(1): 81-150.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133