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科技导报  2014 

S2-浓度对含盐污水中10#碳钢腐蚀性能的影响

DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2014.24.003, PP. 31-34

Keywords: 10#碳钢,S2-浓度,含盐污水,腐蚀速率

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Abstract:

目前中国的炼油厂换热器多采用碳钢材质,换热器是石化设备中失效最快、损失最严重的设备之一,尤其是水相换热器的腐蚀更为严重。水相介质中通常含有一定量的S2-、Cl-、Ca2+和Mg2+,关于碳钢在含硫介质中的腐蚀行为,国内多数研究方向是应力情况下硫化物引起的应力腐蚀开裂问题,无应力状态下碳钢在含硫介质中的腐蚀行为研究得比较少。本文针对兰州石化某常减压装置换热器管束(主要材质10#碳钢)在使用过程中的腐蚀问题,采用高温高压釜实验和电化学测试方法,研究壳程介质中S2-浓度对10#碳钢在含盐污水中腐蚀行为的影响,利用宏观照片和X射线衍射仪XRD表征腐蚀产物的形貌和相结构组成。实验结果表明,在测试区间内,随着腐蚀介质中S2-含量的增加,试样表面生成的FeS使得碳钢的均匀腐蚀速率逐渐降低,当介质中S2-含量升高到250mg/L时,碳钢换热器管束的腐蚀程度由严重腐蚀转变为中度腐蚀,XRD分析结果显示腐蚀产物为Fe3O4、CaCO3和FeS;同时,当腐蚀介质中S2-含量小于100mg/L时,由于介质中侵蚀性Cl-存在,溶液中的Cl-更容易穿过疏松的腐蚀产物膜层到达膜与基体界面处腐蚀基体,使得碳钢表面出现明显的点蚀现象,且介质中S2-含量越低,试样抗点蚀性能越差。

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