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科技导报  2015 

山西省煤田区陷落柱分布规律与成因模式

DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2015.11.002, PP. 17-22

Keywords: 山西省,煤田区,陷落柱,构造条件

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Abstract:

通过搜集山西省煤田区陷落柱发育资料,绘制山西省煤田区陷落柱发育分布图,结合华北山西断块煤田地质与水文地质特征和陷落柱形成条件,得出山西陷落柱分布规律为1)主要发育在盆地边缘,如大同盆地北缘和沁水盆地边缘;2)河流和岩溶泉水发育的地区,陷落柱更为发育,如太原西山、霍州和阳泉地区;3)沿新生代伸展构造山西地堑发育。根据山西省区域构造演化和陷落柱的形成条件分析得出,山西省陷落柱形成受到构造运动的控制,其构造条件为"两升两反"在构造运动上升期间,岩溶发育,陷落柱形成方式以热液溶蚀、真空塌陷和重力塌陷为主;在构造反转期间,上覆岩层稳定性被破坏,陷落柱形成方式以重力塌陷叠加循环塌陷为主。

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