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科技导报  2015 

西安冬季不同空气质量级别对应的PM2.5化学组分变化特征

DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2015.06.004, PP. 31-36

Keywords: PM2.5,化学组分,多环芳烃,正构烷烃,空气质量级别

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Abstract:

通过实验采样分析,研究了西安市冬季不同空气质量级别(HJ633—2012)下PM2.5质量浓度及化学组分的变化特征和污染规律。结果表明,西安市2008—2009年冬季所有采样天均为轻度污染到严重污染状况,PM2.5质量浓度100%未达标(GB3095—2012);PM2.5质量浓度及其化学组分基本随空气质量级别恶化而增加,除个别元素外,其他化学组分的质量浓度在严重污染时均出现突增,有机碳(4.5倍)和水溶性无机离子(2.7倍)的增加倍数较大;随大气污染程度的增加,人为源的重金属富集因子增加剧烈(1.6~2.0倍),而主要来自自然源的元素富集因子变化无规律;重污染时期PM2.5中的多环芳烃(PAHs)、正构烷烃(nalkanes)均主要来自人为源排放贡献,其中生物质燃烧、低温燃煤排放是PAHs剧增的主要因素。

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