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科技导报  2014 

荒漠地区土壤表层固碳作用研究进展

DOI: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2014.19.013, PP. 77-83

Keywords: 藻类,苔藓,光合作用,固碳作用

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Abstract:

干旱、半干旱地区的生态环境条件脆弱,光能自养生物在荒漠地区地表的物质循环和能量流动中起着重要作用。藻类和苔藓是荒漠地区地表普遍存在的固碳生物,不仅能够改善土壤的物理性质,起到保护土壤的作用,同时能够通过特定蓝藻的固氮作用增加土壤的氮含量,最重要的是这些固碳生物能够通过光合作用固定空气中的CO2,是荒漠地区土壤表层固碳的主要贡献者。荒漠地区生态系统固碳量的研究也是研究全球气候变化的重要组成部分,固碳量的大小不仅受自然条件的约束,也与土壤表层固碳生物(主要是藻类和苔藓)的组成密切相关。当土壤中仅有丝状蓝藻存在时固碳速率较低,随着绿藻等高等藻类和苔藓的出现,固碳速率快速增加。本文综述了荒漠地区土壤表层固碳生物组成和影响地表固碳的因素,回顾和展望了地表固碳的研究方法。

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