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山药专用生物有机肥的生物效应研究

DOI: 10.7685/j.issn.1000-2030.2013.04.014, PP. 83-90

Keywords: 山药,生物有机肥,生物效应

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Abstract:

通过平板对峙试验,筛选到2株对茄腐皮镰刀菌(Fusariumsolani)有拮抗作用的菌株哈兹木霉(Trichodermaharzianum)SQR-T037和解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillusamyloliquefaciens)QL-18。将这2株拮抗菌共同与腐熟有机肥二次发酵后,得到山药专用生物有机肥(BOF),并用于大田试验。结果表明BOF可以显著降低山药根茎腐病的发病率,其中处理T3(施用BOF基肥600kg?hm-2和BOF追肥900kg?hm-2)防控效果最佳,防控率达68.4%。施用BOF对山药生长有明显的促进作用。山药收获期时,处理T3效果最好,块茎鲜质量每株为3.54kg,块茎长为159.0cm,块茎直径为5.30cm,与对照相比分别增加37.8%、20.7%、38.4%;山药产量为114.7t?hm-2,比对照高28.8%(P<0.05)。结论施用BOF可提高山药种植土壤中细菌和放线菌数量,减少真菌和病原菌的数量,起到改善土壤微生物群落结构的作用,从而能有效防控山药根茎腐病和增加山药产量。

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