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不同植烟区土壤对烟叶碳氮代谢品质相关指标的影响

DOI: 10.7685/j.issn.1000-2030.2014.04.016, PP. 109-116

Keywords: 烤烟,不同区域土壤,碳氮代谢,品质指标

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Abstract:

研究相同气候条件下贵州不同植烟区土壤对烤烟中、上部叶碳氮代谢品质相关指标的影响,探索提高烟叶品质的新途径。以‘云烟85’为材料,于2010和2011年在贵州省开阳县龙岗镇烤烟良种繁育基地(107°06’40.8"E,26°52’24.8"N)进行试验,探讨不同植烟区土壤(天柱砂壤土、威宁粉壤土和龙岗壤黏土)对烟叶碳氮代谢品质相关指标的影响。结果表明烤烟生育中期,天柱土和威宁土处理中、上部叶硝酸还原酶和蔗糖转化酶活性及总氮和氨基酸含量较高,后期龙岗土的作用逐渐凸显。烤烟生育中后期,天柱土和威宁土处理中、上部叶淀粉含量较高,龙岗土处理烟叶可溶性糖含量较高。2010和2011年烟叶初烤后,中部叶总氮、氨基酸、烟碱含量以天柱土处理较高,分别为2.07%、4.76%、3.75%和2.07%、4.43%、3.64%,上部叶以龙岗土处理较高,分别为2.31%、4.81%、4.07%和2.15%、4.95%、3.78%;天柱土处理中、上部叶淀粉和可溶性糖含量最高,威宁土其次,龙岗土最低,2010和2011年天柱土处理中、上部叶可溶性糖含量与龙岗土处理差异显著(P<0.05)。结论天柱土和威宁土对中、上部烟叶碳氮代谢品质相关物质的影响效应主要表现在烤烟生育中期,龙岗土的影响效应主要表现在后期;天柱土、龙岗土分别利于中、上部烟叶氮代谢品质物质的积累,但龙岗土不利于烟叶碳代谢品质物质的积累。天柱土烟叶碳氮代谢品质相关指标较威宁土和龙岗土协调,有利于提高烟叶品质。

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