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不同蛋白质水平日粮中添加2-羟基-4-（甲硫基）丁酸异丙酯对奶牛生产性能及血液生化指标的影响

DOI: 10.7685/j.issn.1000-2030.2014.03.019, PP. 126-132

Keywords: 2-羟基-4-(甲硫基)丁酸异丙酯(HMBi),奶牛,蛋白质水平,生产性能,血液指标

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Abstract:

根据年龄、胎次、泌乳时间、产奶量相近的原则选择40头泌乳前期荷斯坦奶牛，随机分成试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组，每组10头，在相同条件下饲养。试验Ⅰ组饲喂170g？kg-1蛋白质水平的日粮，试验Ⅱ组在试验Ⅰ组基础上添加29.9g？d-12-羟基-4-（甲硫基）丁酸异丙酯（HMBi），试验Ⅲ组饲喂160g？kg-1蛋白质水平的日粮，试验Ⅳ组在试验Ⅲ组基础上添加29.9g？d-1HMBi。每天饲喂3次，挤奶3次。结果表明2个蛋白质水平下添加HMBi产奶量均有所提高，试验Ⅱ组比试验Ⅲ组升高了2.09kg？d-1（P0.05）。血清甘油三酯（TG）、血糖（GLU）、血清尿素氮（BUN）和游离脂肪酸（NEFA）在试验前后各组间差异不显著。2个蛋白质水平下添加HMBi可以提高血清超氧化歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性，降低丙二醛（MDA）含量；对血清胰岛素样生长因子（IGF-1）、催乳素（PRL）胰岛素（INS）和瘦素（LEP）的浓度无显著影响。2个蛋白质水平下添加HMBi有提高奶牛采食量、奶料比的趋势。结论在日粮中添加HMBi能提高奶牛生产性能及机体抗氧化能力，对奶牛营养物质代谢相关的代谢物质及激素水平有促进作用；添加HMBi的日粮中可以适当降低蛋白质水平，并不影响奶牛生产性能的发挥，同时有助于提高氮的利用。

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