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Cucumis hystrix Chakr.×黄瓜种间杂种F1及其双二倍体细胞遗传学特性及花粉育性研究

DOI: 10.7685/j.issn.1000-2030.2006.04.009, PP. 38-42

Keywords: 甜瓜属,种间杂交,细胞遗传学,花粉育性

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Abstract:

研究了野生种Cucumishystrix(2n=2x=24)与栽培黄瓜C.sativusL.(2n=2x=14)种间杂种F1(2n=2x=19)及其双二倍体(2n=4x=38)自交S1~S4代的细胞遗传学特征及花粉育性。结果表明减数分裂中期Ⅰ,杂种F1代花粉母细胞(pollenmothercell,PMC)染色体主要以单价体存在,染色体构型为16.75Ⅰ+0.5Ⅱ+0.25Ⅲ+0.13Ⅳ;双二倍体染色体构型以二价体为主,伴随着自交,平均每个PMC所含二价体比例逐渐增加,非二价体配对比例减少。四分体时期,F1代不能形成正常的四分孢子,主要以多分孢子形态存在;双二倍体以四分孢子为主,并随着自交世代的增加,其比例增高。花粉育性观察发现,随着自交世代的增加,双二倍体花粉育性呈增高趋势。以上结果暗示,双二倍体在遗传上逐渐趋于稳定;双二倍体PMCs在后期Ⅰ和Ⅱ普遍含有落后染色体、染色体桥及染色体不均等异常现象,可能是导致其花粉育性较低的原因。

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