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田间大棚西瓜枯萎病病原菌的分离与鉴定

DOI: 10.7685/j.issn.1000-2030.2012.06.011, PP. 61-67

Keywords: 西瓜枯萎病,病原菌分离,28SrDNAD1/D2区,形态鉴定,镰刀菌

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Abstract:

采用室内分离和盆栽致病性试验相结合的方法,分别从田间大棚西瓜枯萎病病株的根部、茎部和叶片分离纯化获得34株疑似病原菌的菌株,并从中挑选出6株形态差异明显的菌株用于盆栽回接试验。结果表明菌株LD和LB回接7d后植株开始出现轻微萎焉症状,到第14天时发病率分别达到100%和72%,病情指数分别为2.00和1.14;菌株LA、LC和XB在回接30d后西瓜植株发病率和病情指数均为14%和0.29;而菌株XA在回接30d后植株未出现发病症状。对西瓜植株的生物量统计表明,在接种病原菌30d后,接种菌株XA和XB的处理植株的株高和地上部干质量与对照差异不显著。接种菌株LA和LC的处理西瓜植株的株高比对照分别降低29.1%和15.9%。经形态学鉴定和28SrDNAD1/D2区序列分析表明菌株LD和LB为尖孢镰刀霉菌,菌株LC是腐皮镰刀霉菌,菌株LA属于层出镰刀霉菌,菌株XA与XB属于轮枝镰刀霉菌;菌株LD和LB皆为强致病力病原菌,菌株XB、LA和LC是弱致病力病原菌,而菌株XA可能是无致病力菌株。

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