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水稻品种‘南粳35’辐射诱变突变体的鉴定

DOI: 10.7685/j.issn.1000-2030.2012.03.001, PP. 1-6

Keywords: 水稻,60Co-γ射线辐射诱变,突变体,筛选鉴定

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Abstract:

利用60Co-γ射线辐照处理无休眠粳稻品种‘南粳35’,对M2代5238个单株进行田间农艺性状考察和发芽势筛选,并对发芽势和表型与‘南粳35’具有明显差异的材料在M3和M4代进行表型验证和分子标记验证。通过表型验证获得4个休眠性增强的突变体,7d发芽率约50%~70%,比野生型‘南粳35’的7d发芽率低30%~50%。获得抽穗期延迟突变体2个,分别在播种(130±1)d和(135±2)d开始抽穗,比‘南粳35’迟抽穗约30和35d。获得株高突变体1个,其株高为(77.3±2.41)cm,比‘南粳35’矮约25cm。获得穗顶端退化突变体1个,成熟后其穗长与南粳35穗长差异极显著。获得内稃退化突变体1个,其粒长、粒宽和千粒质量与‘南粳35’差异极显著。获得小粒突变体1个,其在粒长和千粒质量上与‘南粳35’差异极显著。此外,还获得小穗突变体1个,长护颖突变体2个,颖壳开裂突变体4个。选取均匀覆盖12条染色体的129个SSR标记对获得的所有突变体进行分析,以确定这些突变体来源的可靠性。最终,共获得突变体17个,突变频率为0.325%。

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