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草坪斑枯病病原菌及其近缘种属的系统发育及基因宏阵列检测

DOI: 10.7685/j.issn.1000-2030.2014.05.013, PP. 81-86

Keywords: 基因宏阵列,草坪斑枯病,Magnaporthe,Gaeumannomyces,核苷酸检测探针,系统发育

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Abstract:

夏季草坪斑枯病是由子囊菌纲巨座壳科真菌Magnaporthepoae在夏季高温高湿环境下引起的一种草坪病害。对来源不同的24个Magnaporthe及其近缘种属Gaeumannomyces菌株的ITS1-5.8S-ITS2测序序列进行比较及系统发育分析。结果表明M.poae及其近缘种属真菌可分为A和B2个群A群由M.oryzae和Pyriculariaoryzae菌种组成并形成2个分支,二者亲缘关系较近,且具有侵染寄主植物根部和地上部分的能力。B群由M.salvinii、M.poae、M.rhizophila、G.incrustans和G.graminis种内的2个变种(G.graminisvar.graminis和G.graminisvar.tritici)组成,B群真菌除M.salvinii外均有侵染寄主根部能力。在草坪环境中,B群真菌种内检测鉴定较A群困难。本研究根据真菌ITS基因的种内序列高度保守,种间差异明显的特点,分别设计了基因宏阵列单体(20~24bp)、二聚体(40~48bp)和单体加20个“A”(30~34bp)3种寡核苷酸基因宏阵列检测探针来快速检测鉴定B群病原真菌。基因宏阵列检测结果表明设计的检测探针均能准确、特异地检测鉴定B群的3种真菌,检测灵敏度从高到低依次为二聚体探针、单体加20个“A”探针、单体探针。结论在草坪土壤环境中,二聚体基因宏阵列检测探针(40~48bp)对于Magnaporthe及其近缘种属菌株的检测较传统的单体检测探针更为灵敏与准确。

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