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饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇对鲤鱼的联合毒性研究

DOI: 10.7685/j.issn.1000-2030.2010.06.016, PP. 85-89

Keywords: 黄曲霉毒素B1,脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇,鲤鱼,生长性能

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Abstract:

为了探讨黄曲霉毒素B1(aflatoxinB1,AFB1)和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol,DON)两种真菌毒素单独或联合应用对水产养殖的影响,本试验选用鲤鱼270尾(体重为(18±0.1)g),均分为9组,每组设3个平行,2个平行组进行试验观察和统计,1个平行组作为试验过程中解剖检查用。试验采用二因素三水平设计,AFB1的含量分别为0、0.05和0.1mg?kg-1,DON的含量分别为0、1和5mg?kg-1。试验期为40d。每20d进行增重、体长、丰满系数的检测。试验结束时进行肝胰脏重/体重值、血清生化指标(碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、白蛋白(ALB)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总蛋白(TP))检测以及肝胰脏、脾脏和肠道的组织学检查。试验结果表明除1mg?kg-1DON组外,其他7个试验组鲤鱼的增重都明显受到抑制(P0.05)。生化指标中AST活性增加明显(P<0.05)。肝脏的病理变化为肝细胞变性、坏死;肠道为肠黏膜脱落、绒毛萎缩,而毒素对脾脏的影响较小。两种毒素联合作用后毒性具有一定的协同效应。

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