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翠冠梨黑皮病发生规律与AFS基因克隆及其表达研究

DOI: 10.7685/j.issn.1000-2030.2010.02.010, PP. 51-57

Keywords: 砂梨,黑皮病,α-法尼烯合成酶基因,基因克隆,表达特点,1-甲基环丙烯

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Abstract:

以梨黑皮病易感品种翠冠果实为材料,采用RACE技术克隆α法尼烯合成酶基因(PpAFS)的cDNA全长。PpAFS开放阅读框包括1731个碱基,编码576个氨基酸,相对分子质量为66.26×103。由该基因推测的氨基酸序列具有倍半萜类氨基酸的特征结构RR(X8)W模式(33~43位氨基酸)和DDxxD模式(326~330位氨基酸)。2℃低温贮藏和1MCP(1甲基环丙烯)处理均能抑制翠冠果皮中PpAFS的表达,减缓α法尼烯合成,降低α法尼烯及其氧化产物共轭三烯的含量,进而推迟黑皮病的发病时间并降低其发病率;在两种措施同时应用情况下,翠冠果实采后42d之内不会发生黑皮病。贮藏于室温(28~32℃)或低温(2℃)的翠冠果实,果皮中共轭三烯含量超过2.0nmol.cm-2,黑皮病就会发生,因此推断该值为黑皮病发生的阈值,环境温度只能起延缓或加速达到这一阈值的作用,而与黑皮病的发生并无直接关系。

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