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车速与标志文字高度对驾驶人视觉搜索模式的影响

, PP. 119-126

Keywords: 认知心理,驾驶人,眼球运动,视觉搜索模式,车速,标志文字高度

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Abstract:

在试验场的直线路段上模拟简单交通环境,将车速和标志文字高度作为控制变量,用眼动仪测录了7名受试驾驶人水平和垂直方向的视角与注视持续时间。用方差分析方法对试验数据进行分析,研究了车速与标志文字高度对驾驶人视觉搜索广度、注视持续行为及视角分布的影响。分析结果表明车速及标志文字高度对驾驶人的视觉搜索广度的影响不显著,车速的F检验统计量为2.99,小于检验临界值3.55,各车速条件下,字高的F检验统计量也均小于检验临界值3.55;驾驶人的平均注视时间随车速及标志文字高度的变化不大,2种因素的F检验统计量分别为0.09和1.20,均小于检验临界值3.17;驾驶人对道路中心区域的注视频率最高,各条件下驾驶人注视道路中心区域的百分比均超过60%,尤其是较多地关注道路左侧区域及距车辆较近的区域;车速的提高使得驾驶人对远处区域的注视逐渐增多。

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