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重载敞车车体结构轻量化设计

, PP. 31-35

Keywords: 车辆工程,重载敞车,结构优化,惩罚函数,共轭梯度法

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Abstract:

以车体承载结构的质量为目标函数,以部件板厚为设计变量,以关键工况载荷下车体结构的应力与挠度为约束条件,建立轴载40t矿石敞车车体承载结构的优化设计数学模型。引入约束违反惩罚项构造新的无约束目标函数,用共轭梯度法确定探索方向,用最小二乘法逼近目标函数。在有限元分析软件ANSYS的二次开发平台上,运用参数化设计语言APDL,进行车体承载结构质量极小化的迭代计算。分析结果表明1/4车体承载结构的质量由1.9395t减小到1.7607t,减轻约为9.22%,车辆自重系数达到0.16,减轻后车体结构强度和刚度仍满足相关规范与设计要求。

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