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高速列车抗风的抽吸减载方法

Keywords: 高速列车,风阻,减载方法,抽吸效应,气动特性,横风

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Abstract:

为了提高列车在大风中运行的安全性,利用抽吸气法控制列车绕流边界层分离,以减小横风气动力。以中国CRH型高速列车为原型,在车体内设计了腔室,并通过条缝与列车表面相连,使列车表面的绕流经列车表面条缝流入腔室内,形成抽吸效应。研究结果表明抽吸气腔室和条缝的设置能够在列车高速行驶时产生低于车体外部绕流的压力,有效地控制边界层的分离和减小列车的横风气动力。条缝倾角对气动减载效果有明显影响,当条缝倾角为30°时,总阻力的减载幅度可达7.21%;头车、中间车与尾车的横向力分别减载4.85%、2.71%与90.48%;头车、中间车与尾车的升力分别减载8.21%、12.56%与7.69%;头车、中间车与尾车的倾覆力矩减载幅度分别为5.29%、8.84%与57.56%。条缝倾角对不同车段气动减载率的影响不同,尾车受条缝倾角影响的程度最大。

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