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驾驶人个人特征对行车速度的影响

, PP. 89-96

Keywords: 交通安全,驾驶行为,行车速度,个人属性,MNL模型,敏感度分析

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Abstract:

为分析驾驶人个人特征与行车速度之间的关系,采用个人属性调查和实车试验相结合的方法,获得80份驾驶人行车速度记录数据。按照驾驶人行车超速时间与总行车时间的比例,将驾驶人超速选择行为区间划分为4个小区间。运用非集计理论,将驾驶人的性别、年龄、性格、教育程度、驾龄等个人特征作为影响因素,并将4个小区间作为4个选择肢,建立了驾驶人个人特征对行车速度的影响度量模型,并结合弹性理论分析了各个影响因素的敏感度。分析结果表明驾驶人的性别、年龄、教育程度、矫正视力、职业驾驶人和发生交通事故6个影响因素对应的弹性值均小于1.000,说明上述因素对速度选择行为缺乏弹性;在4个小区间上,驾驶人的驾龄对应的弹性值分别为6.287、3.211、3.438和2.450,性格对应的弹性值分别为1.249、1.045、2.033和3.672,说明性格和驾龄2个影响因素对行车速度选择行为富有弹性,影响显著。

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