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城市轨道交通车厢立席密度计算模型

, PP. 101-109

Keywords: 城市轨道交通,立席密度,广义舒适度,人体空间,车厢微环境,站立时长

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Abstract:

为科学合理地确定城市轨道交通车厢立席密度,从立席乘客舒适度的角度探讨了合理立席密度对舒适度的影响。通过问卷调查和实地测量进行分析和量化,确定了空间舒适度和车厢微环境2个主要因素,基于线性加权法和顾客赋权法将2个因素结合构建了静态舒适度评价模型。考虑到站立时长对舒适度的影响,类比疲劳程度指标对静态舒适度评价模型进行修正,通过问卷调查验证时间折减因子并标定参数,构建了基于立席密度的广义舒适度评价模型,通过广义舒适度评价模型反推得到合理立席密度求解模型,并对北京地铁4号线-大兴线进行舒适度评价。分析结果表明舒适度可以及时、准确地反映立席密度的变化和影响,借助舒适度评价结果可以改善运营线路的服务水平;北京地铁4号线-大兴线满足舒适等级、设计等级和超员等级的合理立席密度分别为3.1、4.2、4.7人?m-2,美国车辆设计定员的相应立席密度分别为3.0、4.0、6.0人?m-2,两者基本相当,且计算结果与调研结果相符,因此,模型可作为规划设计中确定合理立席密度的依据。

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