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基于底盘多子系统协调控制的车辆稳定性控制

, PP. 77-85

Keywords: 车辆工程,车辆动力学,多级递阶控制,功能分配,稳定性

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Abstract:

针对底盘关键子系统对车辆行驶稳定性影响能力与有效作用区域的差异,综合考虑轮胎的非线性特性与各子系统间动力学耦合关系,建立整车14自由度非线性动力学模型,分别运用非线性H∞控制和模糊控制对转向、悬架和制动子系统进行控制性能研究,采用多级递阶控制理论设计了组织级、协调级和执行级的车辆稳定性多级协调控制系统。运用滑模控制理论与轮胎逆模型将组织级得到的保持车辆行驶稳定性所需的广义目标控制力和力矩转化为轮胎侧偏角和滑移率,再基于功能分配原理对各子系统控制功能进行协调,实现了底盘复杂系统的功能解耦,并对整车稳定性协调控制系统进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明防抱死制动系统与半主动悬架系统联合控制对车辆稳定性的控制效果相对较差,主动前轮转向的加入可以明显改善车辆的操纵稳定性。相对于汽车底盘子系统联合控制,多级递阶协调控制能更好地改善整车行驶稳定性,使制动距离减小,保持滑移率基本在目标值0.2附近。

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