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极坐标系下的欠驱动无人艇分块反步镇定控制

, PP. 61-68

Keywords: 船舶工程,非对称无人艇,欠驱动控制,极坐标系,多输入多输出,分块反步法,李亚普诺夫稳定性理论

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Abstract:

针对非对称欠驱动无人艇的镇定控制问题,提出了基于极坐标系的一类多输入多输出分块反步法,设计了一种漂角极坐标系作为艇体的动坐标系,以极坐标系代替直角坐标系作为大地坐标系,将漂角、艏向角与极角融合处理,获得了极坐标系下无人艇水平面运动的运动学和动力学方程,使直角坐标系下的欠驱动问题简化为极坐标系下的全驱动问题。结合李亚普诺夫稳定性理论和反步法设计了一种极坐标系下的多输入多输出分块反步镇定控制律,实现了非对称欠驱动无人艇的镇定控制。在实验室半物理仿真平台下,以某长度为1.2m、质量为17.5kg的无人艇模型为实例进行镇定控制仿真试验,对比分析了分块反步镇定控制算法与传统基于对称模型的反步控制算法的控制结果。分析结果表明分块反步镇定控制算法的位姿收敛速度提高了约10s,位置和艏向角镇定误差分别降低了约0.3m和10°,线速度和角速度超调量分别降低了约0.6m?s-1和2rad?s-1,因此,基于非对称模型的极坐标系下欠驱动分块反步法具有较大的可靠性、稳定性和精确性。

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