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制动条件下连挂救援动车组车钩垂向偏转行为

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Keywords: 连挂救援动车组,钩缓装置,紧急制动,车钩垂向偏转运动,制动档位,车钩自由转角

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Abstract:

为了研究连挂救援动车组在制动条件下产生的冲击,建立了不同编组形式下的动车组动力学模型。考虑实际的车钩运动关系和缓冲器迟滞特性,建立了钩缓装置的动力学模型。制定了连挂救援动车组的运行安全阈值,分析了紧急制动时动车和钩缓系统的动力学响应,研究了直线工况下车钩的动态偏转行为与动车编组形式、制动减速度和车钩自由转角等参数对动车组运行安全性的影响。计算结果表明A类动车组连挂救援B类动车组,直线上制动时连挂断面的压钩力和车钩点头角分别达到799.4kN和11.5°,钩尾框托梁垂向力和车端垂向相对位移分别达到136.2kN和126.2mm,明显超过允许限值,即80kN和95mm,车钩力垂向分量会造成车体点头和轮重减载现象,从而导致局部结构破坏和车间运动干涉。当制动档位降到7级或车钩自由点头角低至4°时,钩尾框前箱托梁垂向力低于限值,而车端垂向相对位移超过限值;当制动档位降到6级或车钩自由点头角低至2°时,可保证车端垂向相对位移低于允许值。

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