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城市轨道交通三维缓冲区构建方法

, PP. 100-108

Keywords: 交通地理信息系统,城市轨道交通,三维缓冲区,线性八叉树,空间结构信息,0-1互换算法

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Abstract:

为解决现有地理信息系统无法完成城市轨道交通三维缓冲区构建的难题,采用八叉树作为构建三维缓冲区的基础数据结构,用线性八叉树编码储存轨道交通实体的空间结构信息,将交通三维缓冲区分析转化为八叉树节点的空间分析。研究了八叉树节点的空间关系,得出了一种线性八叉树邻域分析的新算法,即0-1互换算法。运用0-1互换算法找出轨道交通的边界节点,确定边界节点的边界方向,由边界节点构建交通三维缓冲区,形成了一套由线性八叉树构建城市轨道交通三维缓冲区的新方法。运用0-1互换算法对直线隧道、曲线隧道、直线高架桥、曲线高架桥等轨道交通实体模型进行边界节点提取,并与传统算法和经典肖氏算法进行了比较。选择连拱隧道、单拱隧道和高架桥3种结构,分别进行了三维缓冲区构建,统计了3种结构分割的八叉树节点数量,并与采用传统栅格结构进行三维缓冲区分析的栅格节点数量进行对比。分析结果表明与传统算法和经典肖氏算法相比,0-1互换算法在对直线隧道、曲线隧道、直线高架桥、曲线高架桥4种轨道交通实体模型的边界节点提取中耗时最少,分别为5、7、10、18ms,将算法的时间复杂度由二次阶减少为一次阶;基于线性八叉树的交通三维缓冲区构建方法,对连拱隧道、单拱隧道与高架桥进行三维缓冲区构建时,其存储空间分别为栅格结构的7.26%、3.64%、3.72%。可见,基于线性八叉树结构的交通三维缓冲区构建方法能显著降低分析节点数量,提高交通三维缓冲区的构建效率。

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