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船舶舱室火灾烟气蔓延的场-区耦合模型

, PP. 59-69

Keywords: 船舶工程,船舶舱室,火灾烟气,场-区耦合模型,尺度试验

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Abstract:

针对大型船舶火灾中的烟气蔓延,分析了场模型FDS软件和区域模型CFAST软件各自的局限性。基于能量传输、组分转换和压力平衡原理,建立了船舶舱室火灾烟气蔓延的场-区耦合模型。搭建了带有4个测点的船舶舱室火灾缩尺试验平台,验证了耦合模型的有效性。对船舶舱室火灾的烟气蔓延进行了场模拟、区域模拟和场-区耦合模拟,并将温度和烟气层高度的模拟结果进行对比分析。分析结果表明4个测点的温度均随着时间的增大而上升,在同一时刻距火源近的测点温度高,随着与火源间距离的变大,测点温度降低,4个测点的温度受烟气湍流的影响略有波动;在燃烧达到稳定状态之后,场-区耦合模型能较准确地模拟烟气层高度的变化规律,均优于场模型和区域模型的模拟结果;在计算时间上,场-区耦合模型比场模型缩减了约54%的计算时间;场-区耦合模型的模拟结果与试验结果具有良好的一致性,因此,其具有较好的工程应用价值。

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