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交通流变化下的多配送中心-多需求点配送网络优化模型

, PP. 100-107

Keywords: 交通规划,道路网,车辆路径问题,交通流,配送路径,用户均衡模型,混合式分组法

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Abstract:

基于城市道路网结构与交通流特征,以总配送耗时最小为目标函数,以交通流为约束条件,构建了双层配送网络优化模型。上层模型计算配送车辆的配送路径,下层模型为用户均衡交通分配模型,通过上层模型的计算结果改变下层模型中的OD出行数据,通过下层模型的计算结果改变上层模型中的路段通行时间。利用混合式分组法、遗传算法与Frank-Wolf算法求解模型,并以大连市某带有31个交通小区、27个需求点和4个配送中心的交通网络为例进行实例验证。计算结果表明当利用最短距离法求得配送方案时,27个需求点的总配送距离为94.8km,总配送耗时为425.2min,计算时间为13s;考虑交通流变化后,利用提出的双层优化模型,27个需求点的总配送距离为109.7km,总配送耗时为329.1min,计算时间为256s。利用提出的双层优化模型,虽然总配送距离增加14.9km,但总配送耗时却缩短96.1min,并可以一次性达到配送车辆和其他车辆相互平衡的过程,计算速度和效率并不是最重要的因素,可以得到更符合实际的计算结果。

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