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基于自适应多尺度形态学分析的车轮扁疤故障诊断方法

, PP. 58-65

Keywords: 车辆工程,车轮扁疤,故障诊断,多尺度形态学滤波

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Abstract:

建立了56自由度车辆动力学模型与车轮扁疤模型,计算了车辆的动态响应。车辆的振动信息往往受到轨道不平顺和车速波动等因素的影响,为了能在强噪声背景下有效提取轮轨冲击特征,提出了自适应多尺度形态学滤波分析方法,研究了车轮扁疤引起的轴箱振动特征,分析了轨道激扰和车辆运行速度对车轮扁疤故障诊断效果的影响。仿真结果表明在100、150、200km?h-1的车速和美国五级谱、三级谱的激扰下,分别使用7个和9个尺度的结构元素进行形态学滤波,正确地识别出10、15、20Hz车轮扁疤故障频率。实测结果表明当车速为40km?h-1时,使用7个尺度的结构元素进行形态学滤波,提取出了2Hz的故障频率,此频率与理论故障频率相对应,诊断结果可靠。

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