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北方园艺  2013 

半根干旱对成年“富士”苹果树水分运输和稳定同位素的影响

, PP. 14-17

Keywords: 分区灌溉,稳定同位素,“富士”苹果,水力结构

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Abstract:

以13a生“富士”苹果树为试材,研究了黄土高原地区田间条件下全根干旱(NI)、半根干旱(PRD)与常规灌溉(CI)3种水分处理对成年苹果树水分运输和稳定同位素的影响。结果表明随着干旱程度的增加,“富士”苹果的叶片导水率和枝条导水率逐渐下降,PRD和NI处理的叶片导水率与CI处理相比分别降低了13.27%和42.01%,PRD和NI处理的枝条导水率与CI处理相比分别降低了3.01%和34.36%;PRD处理的叶比导水率和枝条叶比导水率出现升高,分别比CI与NI处理高出14.33%、14.44%和41.23%、16.55%。氘和碳稳定同位素测定表明,PRD的长期水分利用效率均高于NI和CI处理;水分亏缺使植物对土壤水分的利用偏向于深层,提高了深层土壤水分对树体水分的贡献率。因此在西北半干旱地区分区灌溉能够在不影响苹果树体生理指标的前提下,应调整树体水分利用策略来提高水分利用效率。

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