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典型场景下EKF-SLAM估计一致性分析

Keywords: 同步定位和地图创建,扩展卡尔曼滤波,一致性分析

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Abstract:

分析了典型场景下基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的同步定位和地图创建(EKF-SLAM)算法的估计一致性.通过理论分析证明了在移动机器人保持静止并持续对一个路标进行观测的场景下,如果机器人的初始位姿协方差矩阵为对角阵,则机器人位置估计的均值和协方差保持不变,而朝向估计将逐步失去一致性.此外,通过蒙特卡罗仿真给出了机器人朝向和路标估计下界的分布情况.结果表明,两者均服从正态分布,因此EKF-SLAM算法在概率意义下给出SLAM系统状态向量的无偏估计.

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