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热力学效应对液氮空化流动的影响

Keywords: 空化,热力学效应,液氮,数值计算

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Abstract:

为了研究低温流体空化流动特性,采用数值计算的方法研究了液氮空化流动特性.计算中应用二次开发方法在商业软件CFX中引入修正的Kunz空化模型及能量方程,其物性参数随流场温度变化而不断更新.对绕翼型和对称回转体在液氮中的空化流动进行了计算,基于计算结果分析了热力学效应对空化特征的影响.结果表明,计算与实验的结果基本一致.当液氮工作温度接近临界点时,热力学效应更加显著.它主要表现在空穴变短、蒸气体积分数减少和汽液界面变得模糊.在空化产生的区域,流场的温度由于吸收蒸发潜热降低,在空穴尾部区域,空穴溃灭释放潜热而导致温度升高.同时发现,由于热力学效应温降在0.5~2.5K之间.

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