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阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫燃烧热值对阻燃性能的影响

DOI: 10.15918/j.tbit1001-0645.2015.02.017

Keywords: 硬质聚氨酯泡沫 阻燃 燃烧热值 燃烧性能

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Abstract:

将聚磷酸铵(APP)、磷酸三(β-氯异丙基)酯(TCPP)、氰尿酸三聚氰胺(MCA)、可膨胀石墨(EG)及EG与APP复合阻燃剂分别添加于硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF),采用氧弹量热仪、氧指数仪、燃烧背温测试仪及锥形量热仪研究了阻燃RPUF燃烧热值(HoC)与氧指数、炭层阻隔作用及热释放等阻燃性能参数的相关性;采用X射线光电子能谱表征了RPUF/APP及RPUF/EG/APP体系燃烧热值测试后残炭表面P元素的化学状态. 研究表明,各阻燃RPUF的HoC由低到高的顺序为RPUF/APP,RPUF/EG/APP,RPUF/TCPP,RPUF/MCA,RPUF/EG,其中RPUF/EG/APP的氧指数相对最高,炭层阻隔效应较好,热释放及质量损失相对最低,产烟量适中,综合阻燃性能最好. RPUF/EG/APP燃烧热值测试残炭表面五氧化二磷比例(57.9%)大于RPUF/APP(35.9%). 阻燃RPUF的HoC主要与体系元素组成及阻燃剂HoC的贡献有关,也与膨胀阻燃体系中组分的相互作用有关;而氧指数、炭层的阻隔作用、热及烟释放等阻燃性能主要取决于阻燃机理

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