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矿床地质  2006 

西藏搭格架热泉型铯矿床同位素特征及形成过程

Keywords: 地球化学,热泉型铯矿,同位素,硅华,西藏搭格架

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Abstract:

文章系统研究了西藏搭格架超大型热泉型铯矿床泉华的Si、O、C、Sr、Nd同位素特征,并探讨了矿床的形成过程。结果表明,泉华的δ30Si=-0.7‰~-1.5‰,平均为-0.9‰;δ18O=0.4‰~19.5‰,平均为8.4‰;δ13CPDB=-5.9‰~-0.1‰,平均为-2.8‰;87Sr/86Sr=0.71062~0.71247,ε(Sr)=85.9~112.1;143Nd/144Nd=0.51214~0.51225,ε(Nd)=-9.7~-7.6。这种同位素特点体现出CO2主要为壳源,其次为生物源,矿床中的铯来源于上地壳内的熔融岩浆。印度—亚洲大陆的碰撞作用,是导致硅华铯矿成矿作用的关键因素。成矿作用的因子分析结果表明,Cs的成矿作用与热水携带物质及氧化作用关系密切,因此这种矿床仅能形成于地表,而形成在地下和海底的可能性很小。Cs与SiO2没有明显相关性,反映出Cs与SiO2的来源不一致。矿床形成的主要因素是热泉水的脱气(CO2)、f(O2)升高和温度压力的骤然降低。

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