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矿床地质  2006 

上黑龙江盆地金矿床地质特征及成因探讨

Keywords: 地质学,地球化学特征,矿床成因,造山型金矿,上黑龙江盆地

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Abstract:

上黑龙江盆地是近年来发现的重要岩金成矿区,文章对该区的砂宝斯、老沟等矿床进行了详细的野外调查和矿床地质特征研究,通过流体包裹体均一温度、包裹体成分群体分析、单个包裹体激光拉曼探针分析和H、O、S、Pb同位素研究,对金矿的成矿作用进行了深入探讨。研究结果表明,矿石中硫化物以黄铁矿为主,硫化物含量一般不超过3%,为少硫化物型矿石。流体包裹体主要类型为气液两相和含CO2三相包裹体,并有少量纯CO2包裹体。黄铁矿等的δ34S值为-1.6‰~9.6‰;成矿热液的δ18O值为-1.3‰~+6.6‰,δD值为-89‰~-135‰;铅同位素表现出造山带铅同位素特征。成矿流体液相中阳离子主要为Na+、K+,阴离子主要是Cl-和SO2-4,气相成分中H2O、CO2和N2占绝对优势,还含有H2、O2、CO、CH4、C2H4、C2H6、C3H8、C6H6和H2S,成矿晚期CH4含量明显增加,总体上属H2O-NaCl-CO2-CH4体系。流体包裹体的盐度w(NaCleq)平均为5.0%,属低盐度流体;均一温度为266.5~295.2℃,属中温热液矿床。上述金矿床与造山型金矿具有相似的地质-地球化学特征,矿石类型为Au-Sb组合,属标准的浅成造山型金矿床,形成于中生代蒙古—鄂霍茨克陆_陆碰撞造山环境。

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