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矿床地质  2011 

滇东南老君山南秧田钨矿床的成矿流体和成矿作用

Keywords: 地球化学,钨矿床,矽卡岩,流体包裹体,氢、氧、硫同位素,成矿作用,南秧田,滇东南

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Abstract:

南秧田钨矿床位于滇东南老君山钨锡多金属成矿区。矿体形态简单,主要呈层状和似层状,在空间上与矽卡岩密切相关。该矿床的形成经历了矽卡岩期和石英硫化物期,前者可分为矽卡岩阶段和退化蚀变阶段,后者可分为石英硫化物阶段和方解石硫化物阶段。白钨矿主要形成于退化蚀变阶段。文章对南秧田矽卡岩型钨矿床内不同成矿阶段的石榴子石、绿帘石、石英、萤石和方解石中的流体包裹体进行了岩相学特征、显微测温、激光拉曼光谱分析等研究。结果表明,该矿床内的流体包裹体主要有3种类型:富液相包裹体、富气相包裹体和含子矿物多相包裹体。流体包裹体的气相成分以H2O、CH4和N2为主,含少量CO2,液相成分以H2O为主。矽卡岩期流体包裹体的均一温度为260~420℃,盐度w(NaCleq)为6.45%~53.26%,流体密度为0.83~1.15g/cm3。石英硫化物期流体包裹体的均一温度主要集中于160~300℃,w(NaCleq)为4%~8%,流体密度为0.67~0.96g/cm3,与矽卡岩期相比,温度、盐度和密度明显降低。石榴子石、石英和方解石的δ18OSMOW值为3.78‰~16.23‰,δ18OH2O值为4.52‰~10.28‰,δD值为-83‰~-59‰,表明成矿流体主要是岩浆水。黄铁矿的δ34S值为4.2‰~8.1‰,反映出深部岩浆硫的来源特征。南秧田钨矿床的成矿时代为晚三叠世,其形成可能与印支期岩浆作用有关。

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