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矿床地质  2010 

花岗岩与金铜及钨锡成矿的关系

Keywords: 地质学,花岗岩,金矿,斑岩铜矿,钨锡矿,成岩作用,成矿作用

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Abstract:

文章从对国内外若干与金铜钨锡矿床有关的花岗岩Sr、Yb含量的统计出发,按照花岗岩新的分类,归纳了花岗岩与成矿的关系。指出金铜成矿与埃达克型和喜马拉雅型花岗岩有关,钨锡成矿与南岭型花岗岩有关。其原因主要取决于成岩和成矿的深度以及氧逸度条件。金铜和钨锡成矿的深度不同,因此,金铜和钨锡不可能在同时同地出现,但可以叠加在一起。作者认为,成岩和成矿是两回事,成岩基本上是一个物理过程,而成矿主要体现为化学反应;成岩需要热,而成矿需要热、流体以及合适的矿源3个条件,缺一不可。在一个地区,成岩作用可以很普遍,但是,成矿可能很局限。成岩与成矿有关不是成因有关而是时空有关。成矿与成岩同时、或成矿早于成岩、或晚于成岩,都是合理的,而区分含矿岩体和不含矿岩体可能是没有意义的。文中还讨论了金能否来源于围岩的问题及找矿思路的问题,指出就矿找矿仍然是行之有效的找矿方法。

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