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矿床地质  2010 

新疆典型干盐湖成钾条件对比与指标模型初探

Keywords: 地质学,罗布泊盐湖,玛纳斯盐湖,干旱区,成钾指标

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Abstract:

选取新疆塔里木盆地及准噶尔盆地的2个典型终端干盐湖罗布泊和玛纳斯盐湖,对其成钾条件和模式进行对比分析,分别从盆地地理纬度、构造位置、盆地规模、所处气候带以及区域水文化学特征、盐类矿物组合特征、钾盐富集特征和品位等多个方面进行了研究。罗布泊地区气候干燥指数>150,补给河流的ρ(K)×102/ρ(Cl)比值为3.29∶1~5.08∶1,晶间卤水的ρ(K)×102/ρ(Cl)比值为3.71∶1~6.66∶1,卤水氯化钾品位1.4%,资源量达3.2亿吨。而玛纳斯湖干燥指数为8.63,补给水源的ρ(K)×102/ρ(Cl)为1.5∶1~12∶1,晶间卤水ρ(K)×102/ρ(Cl)为0.1∶1~1.6∶1,卤水氯化钾品位0.33%,资源量为37.23万吨。研究结果表明,罗布泊在气候和物源补给上都比玛纳斯湖具有明显优势,有利于形成大型钾盐矿。2个干旱区典型盆地可观察实验的成钾指标对比分析,对于建立蒸发岩盆地成钾指标模型具有重要的参考意义。

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