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矿床地质  2015 

巴西卡拉加斯地区大规模铁-铜-金多金属矿床的成矿作用

Keywords: 地质学,铁-铜-金矿床,成矿作用,卡拉加斯,巴西

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Abstract:

巴西卡拉加斯(Carajás)地区是世界上矿床类型最为丰富、资源聚集程度最高的成矿带之一。早期该地区以巨型的浅层富集型铁-锰矿著称,近年发现了世界上最大的铁氧化物铜-金矿床(群)。并且,该区的小型脉状铜-金(钨-锡)矿床、浅成热液型金-钯-铂矿床、沉积型锰矿床和与超基性岩石关的铬-镍矿床也很有特色。综合研究表明,这一区域发生了4期成矿作用:新太古代早期铁-锰成矿作用、新太古代晚期铜-金-铀-稀土元素成矿作用、古元古代晚期铜-金(钨-锡)成矿作用和新元古代晚期金-铜成矿作用。而后新生代的表生作用,特别是红土化去硅富集作用对其进行了富集改造,形成了卡拉加斯地区大规模铁-铜-金矿集区。

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