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冲击电晕对输电线路中雷电波传播的影响研究

DOI: 10.16188/j.isa.1003-8337.2015.02.018, PP. 94-98

Keywords: 雷电波,高压输电线路,冲击电晕,ATP-EMTP

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Abstract:

针对直击雷击中架空线容易产生冲击电晕的问题,本文以冲击电晕的数学模型为基础,利用暂态分析软件ATP-EMTP建立了输电线路模型和冲击电晕动态模型。通过仿真计算发现,由于电晕的存在,雷电波波头时间被拉长而且幅值减小,即波形发生了衰减和畸变。雷击点距测量点的距离越远,波头时间越长,畸变现象越严重。计及电晕影响比不计电晕影响时,幅值分别小了26%、33%和39%;受电晕影响,波头时间则分别增长了74%、143%、271%。波尾部分仅仅是前面波形波尾的平移,并没有发生畸变和时间变长的现象。这是由于电晕的形成可以等效为传输线半径的增大,从而输电线对地的电容变大,最终导致考察的节点处电压值u按不同的波速向前传播了。模型的仿真结果与实验结果相似,对于指导输电线路终端设备安装电涌保护器具有十分重要的现实意义。

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