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从埃博拉出血热到埃博拉病毒病:更新认识、科学救治

, PP. 277-281

Keywords: 埃博拉病毒病,静脉补液,治疗,预防

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Abstract:

埃博拉病毒病(Ebolavirusdisease,EVD)在非洲流行已近40年,2014年3月开始的在西非三国大暴发流行是最严重的1次,截至2015年1月14日西非三国确诊病例为13427例,其中塞拉利昂和几内亚病死率为41.03%(4226/10300)。同时大量病例的积累也丰富了我们对EVD的认识。中国人民解放军援利医疗队在利比里亚埃博拉治疗中心(EbolaTreatmentCenter,ETC)工作2个月,对EVD有了感性认识,发现目前治疗存在诸多困难,提出了病情轻重程度的分型标准及以疾病进展速度为依据分为“快速进展型”和“平稳型”的观点。后者有利于预后判断和及时施治。结合文献资料对未来防治EVD提出几点建议:在高流行国家建立具备临床检验实验室的长久性ETC,加强病理研究,提高床旁快速检验能力,加强生命支持,研制特殊专用设备,改进个人防护装备及研发无害、高效消毒剂等。

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