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大豆科学  2009 

绥农14系谱产量生理特性演化研究

DOI: 10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2009.03.0426, PP. 426-433

Keywords: 大豆,系谱,产量,光合速率,根系特性

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Abstract:

对绥农14系谱中14个品种进行大田及盆栽试验,揭示同一大豆系谱的产量及相关生理性状演化趋势,探讨未来大豆品种改良的关键性状。结果表明:经过5个世代的杂交重组,鼓粒初期(R5)的光合速率显著增加,绥农14最高,为16.2mmolm-2s-1,且光合速率的增加与产量显著相关(P<0.05),但叶面积指数(LAI)没有规律性的变化;通过系统选育,根系形态性状也发生显著变化,从绥农14的早代亲本到晚代亲本,根重、根长及根表面积均有不同程度的提高,但主要表现为生殖生长后期;抗性方面,倒伏级别从4(75%倒伏)下降到1(无倒伏),籽粒病虫害比率也分别从5.3%和20%降低至0和6.8%;生殖生长后期的干物质积累、收获指数及荚粒数的增加与产量的提高密切相关,而百粒重对产量的提高贡献不大。

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