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大豆科学  2009 

广适应大豆品种中黄13的光周期反应

DOI: 10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2009.03.0377

Keywords: 大豆,中黄,广适应性,光周期反应

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Abstract:

中黄13是我国目前种植面积最大的大豆品种,适宜推广范围覆盖黄淮海流域夏大豆区、北方春大豆区、南部和南方多作大豆区部分区域,表现出较强的适应能力。为分析中黄13广适应的机制,在不同光周期条件下研究中黄13开花期、成熟期等生育期性状,株高、节数、分枝数等农艺性状和蛋白质含量、脂肪含量等品质性状对光周期的反应,比较中黄13不同性状间以及中黄13与成熟期相近的品种中黄24和凤交66-12间光周期反应敏感性的差异,并分析中黄13在各级区域试验中的产量稳定性,以期为中黄13的进一步推广和广适应大豆新品种选育提供理论依据。结果表明:中黄13在短日照(12h)、长日照(16h)和北京自然光照条件下均能正常开花结实,生育期性状的光周期反应敏感性弱于中黄24和凤交66-12。随光照长度的增加,中黄13的株型和农艺性状变化较为明显,但与中黄24和凤交66-12相比,其株高、主茎节数、分枝数、顶端花序荚数、单株有效荚数、单株粒数和单株粒重等性状的光周期反应敏感性均较弱,表现出较好的稳定性,但其蛋白质含量受光周期影响较大。综合分析光照处理和区域试验的结果,认为光周期反应相对钝感是中黄13广适应的重要原因。

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