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大豆科学  2015 

大豆产量形成对大气CO2浓度升高响应的基因型差异

DOI: 10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.05.0819, PP. 819-825

Keywords: 气候变化,CO升高,大豆产量,产量组成

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Abstract:

为明确大气CO2浓度升高对不同品种大豆产量形成的影响差异,本研究以正常大气CO2浓度为对照,利用开顶式气候箱模拟大气CO2浓度升高至550μmol.mol-1,解析了1950~2006年间推广的8个大豆品种在CO2浓度550μmol.mol-1条件下的产量形成差异。结果表明:大气CO2浓度升高后,大豆地上生物量平均增加46.1%,产量平均增加37.8%;不同大豆品种产量增加幅度存在差异,增幅最小的品种合交4号仅为0.6%,增幅最大的品种小黄金达到95.3%;CO2浓度升高对收获指数影响不大,只有绥农9号显著增加。大豆产量构成要素在大气CO2浓度升高后也有所增加,株高平均增加15cm,节数增加未达到显著水平(P>0.05);大豆的总荚数和粒数增加明显,分别增加了42.9%和37.0%。不同产量构成要素对大豆高CO2条件下的产量增加的贡献不同,相关分析证明三粒荚数、总荚数和粒数的增加与大豆产量增加具有显著相关关系(P<0.05)。利用逐步回归法分析发现大气CO2升高后大豆产量的增加幅度可以用粒数和产量间的回归方程进行估计y=0.175x+0.102(P<0.05;R2=0.792)。

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